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        <Name>Language Translation - Historical Linguistics</Name>
        <Summary>Some scholars believed that all human languages were descended from the language of Adam and Eve, a language called Adamic language.</Summary>
        <Description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt;&lt;font color="#000000"&gt;&amp;ldquo;In the Sanskrit Language (1786), Sir William Jones proposed that 
Sanskrit and Persian had resemblances to classical Greek, Latin, gothic and 
Celtic languages. From this idea sprang the field of comparative historical 
linguistics. Through the 19th century, European linguistics centered on the 
comparative history of the Indo-European languages, with a concern for finding 
their common roots and tracing their development.&amp;nbsp;&lt;span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51);"&gt;
&lt;p /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;h3 style="margin: 6pt 0in 3pt;"&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;font size="2" face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" color="#000000"&gt;Working from a biblical perspective some scholars believed 
that all human languages were descended from the language of &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam_and_Eve" title="Adam and Eve"&gt;&lt;span style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;font size="2" face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" color="#000000"&gt;Adam and Eve&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font size="2" face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" color="#000000"&gt;, a language called the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adamic_language" title="Adamic language"&gt;&lt;span style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;font size="2" face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" color="#000000"&gt;Adamic language&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font size="2" face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" color="#000000"&gt;. Many of these 
scholars believed that the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language"&gt;&lt;span style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;font size="2" face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" color="#000000"&gt;Hebrew language&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font size="2" face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" color="#000000"&gt; was, in fact, the same 
as the Adamic language. In the &lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1820s" title="1820s"&gt;&lt;span style="color: black;"&gt;&lt;font face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif" color="#000000"&gt;1820s&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;font face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif"&gt;&lt;font color="#000000"&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt;, 
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelm_von_Humboldt" title="Wilhelm von Humboldt"&gt;&lt;span style="color: black;"&gt;Wilhelm von Humboldt&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt; 
observed that human language was a rule-governed system, anticipating a theme 
that was to become central in the formal work on syntax and semantics of 
language in the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20th_century" title="20th century"&gt;&lt;span style="color: black;"&gt;20th century&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt;. 
Of this observation he said that it allowed language to make &lt;i&gt;infinite use of 
finite means&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;&amp;Uuml;ber den Dualis&lt;/i&gt; 1827).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt;
&lt;p /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/h3&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;font size="2" face="arial, helvetica, sans-serif"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt;About 
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1880s" title="1880s"&gt;&lt;span style="color: black;"&gt;1880&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt;, 
scholars in the &lt;country-region w:st="on"&gt;United States&lt;/country-region&gt; began 
to record the hundreds of native languages once found in &lt;place w:st="on"&gt;North 
America&lt;/place&gt;. The concern with describing languages spread throughout the 
world, and thousands of languages around the world have now been analyzed to 
varying degrees. As this work was developing in the early twentieth century, 
mainly in &lt;country-region w:st="on"&gt;&lt;place w:st="on"&gt;America&lt;/place&gt;&lt;/country-region&gt;, linguists were confronted with 
languages whose structures differed greatly from those of known European 
languages.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt;
&lt;p /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt;Scholars 
decided they needed a theory of linguistic structure and methods of analysis. 
From such concerns came the field of structural linguistics. Pioneers in it 
include the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthropology" title="Anthropology"&gt;&lt;span style="color: black;"&gt;anthropologists&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franz_Boas" title="Franz Boas"&gt;&lt;span style="color: black;"&gt;Franz Boas&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt; 
and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Sapir" title="Edward Sapir"&gt;&lt;span style="color: black;"&gt;Edward Sapir&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt;, 
and &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bloomfield" title="Leonard Bloomfield"&gt;&lt;span style="color: black;"&gt;Leonard Bloomfield&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt;. 
When &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical-comparative_linguistics" title="Historical-comparative linguistics"&gt;&lt;span style="color: black;"&gt;historical-comparative linguistics&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt; 
first met unfamiliar languages, the linguist's first job was to thoroughly 
describe the language. &lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt;In 
Europe there was a parallel development of structural linguistics, influenced 
most strongly by &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_de_Saussure" title="Ferdinand de Saussure"&gt;&lt;span style="color: black;"&gt;Ferdinand de Saussure&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, a Swiss student of 
Indo-European and general linguistics whose lectures on general linguistics, 
published posthumously by his students, set the direction of European linguistic 
analysis from the &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1920s" title="1920s"&gt;&lt;span style="color: black;"&gt;1920s&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; on; his approach has been widely adopted 
in other fields under the broad term &amp;quot;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structuralism" title="Structuralism"&gt;&lt;span style="color: black;"&gt;Structuralism&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;.&amp;quot;
&lt;p /&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: black; line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt;During 
the second World War, &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bloomfield" title="Leonard Bloomfield"&gt;&lt;span style="color: black;"&gt;Leonard Bloomfield&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt; and several of his students 
and colleagues developed&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt; 
teaching materials for a variety of languages whose knowledge was needed for the 
war effort. This work led to an increasing prominence of the field of 
linguistics, which became a recognized discipline in most American universities 
only after the war. &lt;font color="#000000"&gt;From roughly &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1980s" title="1980s"&gt;&lt;font color="#000000"&gt;1980&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color="#000000"&gt; onwards, &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pragmatics" title="Pragmatics"&gt;&lt;font color="#000000"&gt;pragmatic&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color="#000000"&gt;, &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemic_functional_grammar" title="Systemic functional grammar"&gt;&lt;font color="#000000"&gt;functional&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color="#000000"&gt;, and &lt;/font&gt;&lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cognitive_linguistics" title="Cognitive linguistics"&gt;&lt;font color="#000000"&gt;cognitive&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;font color="#000000"&gt; approaches have steadily 
gained ground, both in the U.S. and in Europe.&amp;quot; &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt;Language 
Translation, Inc. has been in the foreign language translation business for 17 
years, providing document translation services, and other language translation 
services. Other services include localization of web content, or&amp;nbsp;web 
content localization, software localization and medical translation.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt;Harold 
Nevin&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style="font-size: 10pt; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 110%; font-family: Arial;"&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:&amp;nbsp; &lt;a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_linguistics"&gt;&lt;u&gt;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_linguistics&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</Description>
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                  <Synopsis>Language Translation is a business translation company located in San Diego, California that has been in business for 17 years serving the U.S. with document translation services, conference interpreting and software/website localization services.</Synopsis>

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